Sloth Bear

The sloth bear also known as the labiated bear or Stickney Bear is an insectivorous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. The sloth bear evolved from ancestral brown bears during the Pleistocene and shares features found in insect-eating mammals through convergent evolution. The population isolated in Sri Lanka is considered a subspecies. Compared to brown and black bears, sloth bears have lankier builds, long, shaggy coats that form a mane around the face (similar to that of a lion), long, sickle-shaped claws, and a specially adapted lower lip and palate used for sucking insects. Sloth bears breed during spring and early summer and give birth near the beginning of winter. They feed on termites, honeybee colonies, and fruits. Sloth bears sometimes attack humans who encroach on their territories. Historically, humans have drastically reduced their habitat and diminished their population by hunting them for food and products such as their bacula and claws. These bears have been used as performing pets due to their tameable nature.[5] The sloth bear is listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN due to habitat loss and poaching

Sloth bears may have reached their current form in the early Pleistocene, the time when the bear family specialized and dispersed. A fragment of fossilized humerus from the Pleistocene, found in Andhra Pradesh's Kurnool Basin is identical to the humerus of a modern sloth bear. The fossilized skulls of a bear once named Melursus theobaldi found in the Shivaliks from the early Pleistocene or early Pliocene are thought by certain authors to represent an intermediate stage between sloth bears and ancestral brown bears. M. theobaldi itself had teeth intermediate in size between sloth bears and other bear species, though its palate was the same size as the former species, leading to the theory that it is the sloth bear's direct ancestor. Sloth bears probably arose during the mid-Pliocene and evolved in the Indian subcontinent. The sloth bear shows evidence of having undergone a convergent evolution similar to that of other ant-eating mammals.

Sloth Bear Facts

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Ursidae
Genus: Melursus

Scientific Name: Melursus ursinus
Type: Mammal
Diet: Omnivores
Size: 5 to 6 ft; tail, 2.7 to 4.7 in
Weight: 120 to 310 lbs
Top Speed: 96km/h (60mph)
Life Span: Up to 40 years
Lifestyle: Solitary
Conservation Status: Endangered

Color: Black, Green
Skin Type: Fur
Favourite Food: ants and termites, honey, fruit and eggs
Habitat: Forest, grassland and scrubland
Average Litter Size: 3
Main Prey: N/A
Predators: Tigers, Leopards
Special Features: N/A

Sloth Bear

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